13In Mexico, a reduction of 81.5% was observed between 19 (125.3 and 23.2 per 100 000 children under five years, respectively). In Latin American countries, there was a marked decrease in DD mortality between 19. 9, 10As a result, the rotavirus vaccine was introduced in 2006. ![]() Rotavirus is a leading etiologic cause of severe DD in young children, causing more than 215 000 deaths each year throughout the world 8 and 40% of DD hospitalizations. 3, 4, 5, 6Each year, DD claims the lives of 525 000 children under five years,3 80% of which occurs in the first two years of life. ![]() 2ĭespite improvements in sanitation and hygiene interventions, safe water, promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, availability of oral rehydration salts (ORS), and vitamin A supplementation, acute diarrheal disease (DD) remains the second underlying cause of death in young children worldwide. 1However, acute infectious diseases still occur in developing countries, predominantly affecting the most vulnerable social and demographic groups such as children under five years old and the elderly. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are now the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
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